PM10 Exposure and Cardiorespiratory Mortality – Estimating the Effects and Economic Losses in São Paulo, Brazil

Karina Camasmie Abe; Gianni Mara Silva dos Santos; Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coêlho; Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2018.05.0161

PM10 Exposure and Cardiorespiratory Mortality – Estimating the Effects and Economic Losses in São Paulo, Brazil

Air Pollution and Health Effects South America

Karina Camasmie Abe¹, Gianni Mara Silva dos Santos², Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coêlho³, Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.¹

¹Universidade Federal de São Paulo–UNIFESP, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, 09913-030, Diadema, SP, Brazil
²Universidade Federal de São Paulo–UNIFESP, Setor de Estatística Aplicada, 04037-003, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
³Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo-FMUSP, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

Received: May 30, 2018
Revised: August 27, 2018
Accepted: September 21, 2018
Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2018.05.0161

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Cite this article:

Abe, K.C., dos Santos, G.M., de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coêlho, S.M. and El Khouri Miraglia, S.G. (2022). PM₁₀ Exposure and Cardiorespiratory Mortality – Estimating the Effects and Economic Losses in São Paulo, Brazil. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 18: 3127-3133. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2018.05.0161

HIGHLIGHTS

PM₁₀ has an association with cardiorespiratory mortality, even after three days.
The total of years of life lost regarding PM₁₀ sums 231,823.5 years.
The economic loss reaches about US$ 14.1 billion from 2000 to 2011.
Improvement of public policies with respect to pollutant levels are highly required.

ABSTRACT

Air pollution is an important health risk concern and an economic burden, notably on low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to determine the mortality burden of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, specifically, the relative risk due to air pollution and the economic valuation derived from life-years lost within the population of São Paulo, Brazil. This study was conducted using a retrospective Health Impact Assessment (HIA) approach via daily time series of cardiovascular and respiratory deaths for the population of São Paulo from 2000 to 2011. The effects of particulate matter smaller than 10 µm (PM₁₀) were estimated with Poisson generalized additive models. The single-day lag effects of air pollutant exposure were estimated for 0–3-day lags. Therefore, we obtained the years of life lost (YLL) through the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) method to estimate the burden of disease due to air pollution in São Paulo. The value of a life year (VOLY) was then applied to convert the YLL component to economic loss. The results showed an association between PM₁₀ and cardiovascular and respiratory mortality, lagging 3 days. The YLL totaled 231,691.8 years, meaning an overall economic loss of more than US$14.1 billion. In conclusion, knowledge regarding the costs of premature deaths related to air pollution can be used to improve public policy and to facilitate decision making in the context of scarce resources.

Keywords: Particulate matter; Air pollution; Health effects; Economic valuation; Costs.