Deposition of Toxic Dust with External Fields

Received: April 17, 2018
Revised: July 12, 2018
Accepted: July 16, 2018
Download Citation: RIS|BibTeX|https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2018.04.0138  

Cite this article:
Kudryashova, O., Korovina, N., Akhmadeev, I., Muravlev, E., Titov, S. and Pavlenko, A. (2018). Deposition of Toxic Dust with External Fields. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 18: 2575-2582. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2018.04.0138

HIGHLIGHTS

• Calculated reference deposition rates of fine aerosols under external fields.
• Results of the experiments with an electrostatic precipitator and ultrasound.
• A mathematical model of particles coagulation under external fields.

ABSTRACT

The harmful effects of fine dust on health in industrial facilities are a significant problem. The development of new deposition methods for dust particles with a diameter less than 10 microns is particularly difficult. The purpose of this study is to describe and compare new deposition methods for such aerosols by means of external fields: an acoustic wind, an electrostatic field, and specially atomized powder.

It has been shown that the method of spraying a powder affects its adsorption ability. An experimental study of the dispersity and specific surface of nanopowder particles atomized by different methods was carried out. As a result of atomization, the specific surface area of the particles decreases, and this decrease is smaller in the case of atomization by the shock-wave method.

The proposed mathematical model of aerosol coagulation is based on the integral version of the Smoluchowski equation with the type of kernel depending on the types of external influence. In the model, the effect of acoustic wind is considered, as the acoustic wind plays an important role in the deposition of finely divided particles. A calculation of the drift velocity of particles in an electric field and gravitational field is performed. The results of the pilot and theoretical study of the acoustic and electrostatic deposition of fine aerosols are presented in this article. Depending on the deposition method and particle size, calculations confirmed experimentally enable the reference time of the deposition of a dust cloud to be established. Recommendations are provided about the use of ultrasound sources, electrostatic precipitators, water aerosol sprays, and electrostatic spray guns for the optimum removal of dust from air in the workplace, taking into account dust particle sizes. The results of this study can be applied to air purification systems to filter harmful dust emissions.

Keywords: Fine aerosol; Electrostatic charge; Ultrasound; Coagulation; Deposition.