Dry and Wet Depositions of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in the Atmosphere in Taiwan

Ya-Fen  Wang; Hsiao-Chung  Hou; Hsing-Wang  Li; Long-Full  Lin; Lin-Chi  Wang; Guo-Ping  Chang-Chien; Yen-Sheng  You

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2010.04.0024

Dry and Wet Depositions of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in the Atmosphere in Taiwan

Ya-Fen Wang ¹, Hsiao-Chung Hou², Hsing-Wang Li²^,3, Long-Full Lin⁴, Lin-Chi Wang⁵, Guo-Ping Chang-Chien⁵, Yen-Sheng You¹

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¹Department of Bioenvironmental Engineering and R&D Center of Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan, ROC
²Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, ROC
³Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, ROC
⁴Department of Environmental Engineering, Kun Shan University, Yung-Kang 710, Taiwan, ROC
⁵Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, ROC

Received: July 31, 2010
Revised: July 31, 2010
Accepted: July 31, 2010
Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2010.04.0024

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Cite this article:
Wang, Y.F., Hou, H.C., Li, H.W., Lin, L.F., Wang, L.C., Chang-Chien, G.P. and You, Y.S. (2010). Dry and Wet Depositions of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in the Atmosphere in Taiwan. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 10: 378-390. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2010.04.0024

ABSTRACT

The study has investigated the annual variation of the dry and wet depositions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) among different kinds of areas. A commercial suburban area, an industrial urban area, a coastal rural area and an agricultural rural area were chosen to measure the PCDD/F depositions in each season. The mean TEQ concentration, dry deposition flux and wet deposition in the industrial urban area all had the highest values, at 0.0958 pg I-TEQ/Nm³, 29.1 pg I-TEQ/m²-d and 47.8 pg/L, respectively. Additionally, the annual total deposition flux of PCDD/Fs in the commercial, industrial, coastal and agricultural areas was 168, 310, 135 and 115 ng/m²-year, respectively. The seasonal change of PCDD/Fs in air could be affected by heating and temperature inversion in winter or photodegradation and OH radical reaction in summer. The various homologue profiles of PCDD/Fs probably affect the distribution in environmental sinks, such as sediments or the living organisms in rivers or seas. Additionally, the results of statistical analysis indicated that PCDD I-TEQ dry deposition flux (ng I-TEQ/m²-month) was negatively correlated with the ambient temperature (r = –0.843) for the agricultural rural area, possibly due to vapor pressure (temperature-dependent) effect on the gas/particle PCDD/F partitioning. Furthermore, the PCDD/F concentration of wet deposition flux (ng I-TEQ/m²-month) was positively correlated with the monthly rainfall (r = 0.826–0.988) at the four sampling areas.

Keywords: PCDD/Fs; Dry deposition; Wet deposition; Atmosphere; Fluxes